Pair Name	Bufalin, Sorafenib
Disease Info	[ICD-11: 2C12]	Hepatocellular carcinoma		Investigative
Biological Phenomena	Induction-->Tumor vascular microenvironment
Gene Regulation	Down-regulation	Phosphorylation	MTOR	hsa2475
	Down-regulation	Expression	VEGFA	hsa7422
In Vitro Model	PLC/PRF/5	Adult hepatocellular carcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_0485
	SMMC-7721	Human papillomavirus-related cervical adenocarcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_0534
In Vivo Model	A total of 5×10⁶ SMMC-7721 cells in 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were injected into the right flank of each mouse to form subcutaneous tumors.
Result	The results revealed a synergistic anti-hepatoma effect of bufalin combined with sorafenib via affecting the tumor vascular microenvironment by targeting mTOR/VEGF signaling.

Pair Name	Bufalin, Sorafenib
Disease Info	[ICD-11: 2C25.Z]	Lung cancer		Investigative
Biological Phenomena	Induction-->Apoptosis
Gene Regulation	Up-regulation	Expression	SOD1	hsa6647
	Down-regulation	Expression	CAT	hsa847
	Down-regulation	Expression	BCL2	hsa596
	Up-regulation	Expression	BAX	hsa581
	Up-regulation	Expression	BAD	hsa572
	Up-regulation	Expression	APAF1	hsa317
	Up-regulation	Expression	CASP3	hsa836
	Up-regulation	Expression	CASP9	hsa842
In Vitro Model	NCI-H292	Lung mucoepidermoid carcinoma	Homo sapiens (Human)	CVCL_0455
Result	Sorafenib in combination with bufalin shows more potent cytotoxic effects and cell apoptosis than sorafenib or bufalin treatment alone in NCI-H292 cells. The combined treatment significantly enhanced apoptotic cell death in NCI-H292 lung cancer cells by activating ROS-, mitochondria-, and caspase-signaling pathways in vitro.